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B1

Tree Rings Reveal England's Real Oldest Pub

#history#archaeology#pubs#england
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Many historic pubs in England claim to be more than 1,000 years old, boasting visits from Saxon kings or Vikings. However, a scientific study has shown that none of these claims are true. By studying the tree rings in old wooden beams, buildings archaeologist Dr James Wright found that England's oldest surviving pub has served drinks for about 600 years, not a thousand.

claim to be= say that something is true, often without proof or when doubted by others

The true title belongs to the George Inn in Norton St Philip, Somerset. Monks from nearby Hinton Priory established the building in the late 14th century, and it has remained in continuous service ever since. Dr Wright used tree-ring dating, known as dendrochronology, to examine its timbers. Because medieval carpenters used freshly cut wood immediately for construction, analyzing the growth rings reveals almost the exact date the building was put together.

put together= assembled or built from separate parts

More than two dozen pubs across England have long claimed to be the country's oldest. For example, Ye Olde Fighting Cocks in Hertfordshire claimed to date from the year 793, but Dr Wright discovered this date only appeared on a postcard in 1926. The building actually started around 1400 as a monastic dovecote—a house for pigeons—and only became an active pub in the early 19th century. Other pubs claim they are listed in the 11th-century Domesday Book, but the historic record does not mention any pubs at all.

date from= have existed since a specific time in the past

Dr Wright explained that these ancient claims are modern marketing strategies created by landlords and pub companies. In reality, only about 12 to 16 pubs in England have traded continuously since the medieval era, with the earliest dating to the 14th and 15th centuries.

In reality= used to introduce the true facts in contrast to false beliefs or claims

Learning Notes

Grammar Patterns

PatternMeaning
claim to besay that something is true, often without proof or when doubted by others
put togetherassembled or built from separate parts
date fromhave existed since a specific time in the past
In realityused to introduce the true facts in contrast to false beliefs or claims

Vocabulary

WordMeaning
scientificof or relating to the practice of science
continuouscontinuing in time or space without interruption
establishedbrought about or set up or accepted; especially long established
constructionthe act of constructing something

Language Insights

  • •Dendrochronology derives from the Greek words 'dendron' (tree), 'chronos' (time), and 'logos' (study). Because climate variations create distinct wide or narrow growth rings each year, scientists can match tree-ring patterns to master chronologies spanning thousands of years.
  • •In British English, the term 'pub' is short for 'public house', a cultural institution that evolved from medieval alehouses and coaching inns into community gathering places.

Practice

Check what you just learned.

  1. However, a   study has shown that none of these claims are true.

  2. Why can tree rings accurately reveal when a medieval building was constructed?

Source: The Guardian